Toxic Metals - Urine References

Arsenic species excretion after dimercaptopropanesulfonic acid (DMPS) treatment of an acute arsenic trioxide poisoning.
Heinrich-Ramm R, Schaller H, Horn J, et al. Arch Toxicol. 2003;77(2):63-68.

Fast, simple and reliable routine determination of 23 elements in urine by ICP-MS.
Heitland P, Helmut D J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 2004;19:1552-1558.

Elevated urine arsenic: un-speciated results lead to unnecessary concern and further evaluations.
Kales SN, Huyck KL, Goldman RH. J Anal Toxicol. 2006;30(2):80-85.

Revised and new reference values for arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury in blood or urine of children:
basis for validation of human biomonitoring data in environmental medicine.
Wilhelm M, Schulz C, Schwenk M. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2006;209(3):301-305.

Interpreting mercury in blood and urine of individual patients.
Nuttall KL. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2004;34(3):235-250.

Metals in urine and peripheral arterial disease.
Navas-Acien A, Silbergeld EK, Sharrett R, et al. Environ Health Perspect. 2005;113(2):164-169

Aluminum salts in vaccines--US perspective.
Baylor NW, Egan W, Richman P. Vaccine. 2002;20 Suppl 3:S18-23.

Molecular and ionic mimicry of toxic metals.
Clarkson TW. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1993;33:545-571.

Estimates of dietary exposure to aluminium.
Pennington JA, Schoen SA. Food Addit Contam. 1995;12(1):119-128.

Elevated urinary excretion of aluminium and iron in multiple sclerosis.
Exley C, Mamutse G, Korchazhkina O, et al. Mult Scler. 2006;12(5):533-540.