GI Effects – Stool Analysis

The Latest Advancement in Stool Analysis

GI Effects is unlike any other stool analysis profile, going beyond the standard parameters for identifying gastrointestinal disorders.

The GI Effects Profile uses DNA analysis to identify microbiota including anaerobes, a previously immeasurable area of the gut environment. DNA assessment is specific and accurate, avoids the pitfalls of sample transport, reports results as specific numbers, and is more sensitive than classic laboratory methods.

Download the White Paper on documented limitations of culture based stool assessment.

Advantages of the GI Effects Stool Profile

• Greater Accuracy
  Microbial DNA analysis improves the accuracy of results and includes both aerobes and anaerobes. Anaerobes comprise over 95% of the bacteria in the gut and are difficult to detect with old culture methods.
• Antibiotic resistance genes
  DNA analysis detects organisms possessing genes that give rise to antibiotic resistance, offering clinicians a superior tool for effective patient management.
• Single Sample Collection
  Culture methods require multiple collections, whereas the GI Effects Stool Profile requires only one sample collection leading to improved patient compliance!
• Eliminates Errors in Transport
  Sample transport is a source of significant error in culture analysis due to the change in microbial balance from the time of collection. Using DNA analysis, the specimen is placed in a fixative tube that stops microbial growth and offers a highly accurate snapshot of the microbial balance in the gut.
• Increased Sensitivity
  GI Effects detects as few as 5 cells per gram – a 5000-fold increase in sensitivity over microscopy for parasite detection.
• A Better Value
  No reflex or add-on costs for additional testing!

Why Use Stool Analysis?

Gastrointestinal function is important for general health. The intestinal tract contains significant amounts of bacteria; some beneficial, some neutral, and some harmful. Balancing beneficial microbial flora in the gut is key to proper digestion, efficient nutrient usage, and ridding the body of waste and pathogens. Poor digestion and malabsorption can lead to immune dysfunction, nutritional insufficiencies, mental/emotional disorders, and autoimmune diseases.

Metametrix offers the Complete GI Effects profile for the most thorough look at the gut microbiome.  Easy and cost-effective follow-up testing options are also available
to help monitor targeted therapy in patients. 

• Microbial – bacteria, fungi/yeast, and parasites
• Mycology – fungi/yeast only
• Parasitology – parasites only
• Chemistries – digestive, inflammation, and absorption

Continuing our commitment to innovation…

With advanced technology and revolutionary testing

“  PCR is the best developed and most widely used nucleic acid amplification strategy...These techniques have sensitivity unparalleled in laboratory medicine, have created new opportunities for the clinical laboratory to have an effect on patient care and have become the new "gold standards" for laboratory diagnosis of several infectious diseases.   ”

- Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 8th Edition, Vol. 1, page 235, 2003

Test name:	2100* - Complete GI Effects Profile – Includes 2105, 2110, 2115, 2120 2105* - Microbial Profile – Bacteria, fungi/yeast, parasites 2110* - Mycology Profile – Fungi/yeast only 2115* - Parasitology Profile – Parasites only 2120* - Chemistry Profile – Digestive, inflammation, absorption *Not available in New York
Description:	GI Effects Stool Analysis Profiles go beyond "old stool technology" to bring you the most comprehensive stool analysis to date. GI Effects Profiles use DNA analysis to identify microbiota with 100% accuracy — including anaerobes, a previously immeasurable area of the gut environment. In addition to much more comprehensive bacteriology, mycology, and parasitology, GI Effects Profiles report drug resistance genes, antibiotic and botanical sensitivities, gliadin-specific sIgA, Elastase1, plus other inflammation, digestion, and absorption markers clinicians requested — with no hidden costs.
Method:	GC/MS, PCR ELISA, Automated Chemistry, Colorimetric, HPLC
Turnaround time:	10 - 14 days
Analytes:	PREDOMINANT BACTERIA Obligate anaerobes Bacteroides sp. Clostridia sp Prevotella sp. Fusobacteria sp. Streptomyces sp. Mycobacteria sp. Eubacteria sp. Facultative anaerobes Lactobacillus Bifidobacter Obligate aerobes E. coli OPPORTUNISTIC BACTERIA Aerobes Klebsiella pneumoneae Bacillus sp. Citrobacter freundii Haemolytic E. coli. Psuedomonas sp. plus many others PATHOGENIC BACTERIA Helicobacter pylori Clostridium difficile Campylobacter sp. Entero-hemorrhagic Eschericia coli (EHEC) YEAST/FUNGI Candida sp. PARASITOLOGY Parasitic Protozoans Blastocystis hominis Cryptosporidium species Dientamoeba fragilis Endomilax nana Entamoeba coli Entamoeba dispar Entamoeba hartmanni Entamoeba histolytica Giardia lamblia Iodamoeba butschlii Trichomonas hominis Parasitic Worms Ascaris lumbricoides Charot leyden Clonorchis sinensis Enterobius vermicularis Necator americanus Schistosoma mansoni Strogyloides species Taenia solium Trichuris species ADIPOSITY INDEX Firmicutes Bacteroidetes DRUG RESISTANCE GENES aacA, aphD mecA vanA, vanB, vanC gyrB, ParE PBP1a, PBP2B Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) Total SCFA n-Butyrate Acetate % Butyrate % Propionate % Valerate % INFLAMMATION Lactoferrin WBCs Mucus IMMUNOLOGY Fecal sIgA Anti-gliadin IgA ADDITIONAL TESTS pH Occult Blood RBCs Color DIGESTION Elastase1 Triglycerides Putrefactive SCFA Vegetable Fibers ABSORPTION Long Chain Fatty Acids (LCFA) Total Fat Cholesterol SENSITIVITY TESTING Botanical Sensitivities Pharmaceutical Sensitivities

Profile 2100 – GI Function Profile 82656 - Elastase, pancreatic, fecal, qualitative 82715 - Cholesterol, Stool 82725 - Short Chain Fatty Acids, stool 82726 - Long Chain Fatty Acids, stool 82784 - Secretory IgA 83516 - Anti-gliadin sIgA 83631 - Lactoferrin, fecal, semi-quantitative 83891 - Isolation or extraction of highly purified nucleic acids, DNA extraction 83894 x 10 - Agaraose gel electrophoresis, DNA extraction 83898 x 2 - Amplification target, predominate bacteria 83900 x 2 - Amplification target, fungi/yeast pathogens 83901 x 25 - Amplification target, additional, fungi/yeast pathogens 83908 x 33 - Signal amplification, predominate bacteria 83986 - pH, Stool 84478 - Triglycerides, stool 87149 x 33 - Identification nucleic acid probes, predominate bacteria 87799 x 10 - Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid not otherwise specified, quantification, each organism 87900 x 6 - Infectious agent drug susceptibility phenotype prediction by, genotypic bioinformatics 89055 - Leukocyte, fecal, semi-qualitative -------------------------------------------------------------- Profile 2105 - Microbial Ecology Profile 83891 - Isolation or extraction of highly purified nucleic acids, DNA extraction 83894 x 10 - Agaraose gel electrophoresis, DNA extraction 83898 x 2 - Amplification target, predominate bacteria 83900 x 2 - Amplification target, fungi/yeast pathogens 83901 x 25 - Amplification target, additional, fungi/yeast pathogens 83908 x 33 - Signal amplification, predominate bacteria 87149 x 33 - Identification nucleic acid probes, predominate bacteria 87799 x 10 - Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid not otherwise specified, quantification, each organism 87900 x 6 - Infectious agent drug susceptibility phenotype prediction by, genotypic bioinformatics -------------------------------------------------------------- Profile 2110 – Mycology Profile 83891 - Isolation or extraction of highly purified nucleic acids, DNA extraction 83894 x 6 - Agaraose gel electrophoresis, DNA extraction/fungi/yeast pathogens/fungi multiplex PCR 83900 - Amplification target, fungi/yeast pathogens 83901 x 4 - Amplification target, additional, fungi multiplex PCR in stool -------------------------------------------------------------- Profile 2115 – Parasitology Profile 83891 - Isolation or extraction of highly purified nucleic acids, DNA extraction 83894 x 4 - Agaraose gel electrophoresis, DNA extraction/parasitic protozoans multiplex PCR 83900 - Amplification target, parasites 83901 x 15 - Amplification target, additional, parasitic protozoans specific multiplex PCR -------------------------------------------------------------- Profile 2120 – Chemistries Profile 82492 - Short chain fatty acids, stool 82656 - Elastase, pancreatic, fecal, semi-quantitative 82715 - Cholesterol, stool 82725 - Long chain fatty acids, stool 82784 - Secretory IgA 83516 - Anti-gliadin SIgA 83631 - Lactoferrin, fecal, semi-quantitative 83986 - pH, stool 84478 - Triglycerides, stool 89055 - Leukocyte, fecal, semi-quantitative

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	References GI Effects Stool Profile
	Identification of dominant bacteria in feces and colonic mucosa from healthy Spanish adults by culturing and by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Delgado S, Suarez A, Mayo B. Dig Dis Sci. 2006;51(4):744-751. Analysis of the fecal microbiota of irritable bowel syndrome patients and healthy controls with real-time PCR. Malinen E, Rinttilä T, Kajander K, Mättö J, Kassinen A, Krogius L, Saarela M, Korpela R, Palva A. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005 Feb;100(2):373-82.  Laboratory diagnostic techniques for entamoeba species. Fotedar R, Stark D, Beebe N, Marriott D, Ellis J, Harkness J.  Clin Microbiol Rev. 2007 Jul;20(3):511-32. Multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection of Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, and Cryptosporidium spp. Haque R, Roy S, Siddique A, Mondal U, Rahman SM, Mondal D, Houpt E, Petri WA Jr Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007 Apr;76(4):713-7. A probiotic treatment containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus improves IBS symptoms in an open label trial. Fan YJ, Chen SJ, Yu YC, Si JM, Liu B. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2006 Dec;7(12):987-91. Mixtures of SCFA, composed according to physiologically available concentrations in the gut lumen, modulate histone acetylation in human HT29 colon cancer cells. Kiefer J, Beyer-Sehlmeyer G, Pool-Zobel BL. Br J Nutr. 2006 Nov;96(5):803-10. Molecular analysis of jejunal, ileal, caecal and recto-sigmoidal human colonic microbiota using 16S rRNA gene libraries and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. Hayashi H, Takahashi R, Nishi T, Sakamoto M, Benno Y. J Med Microbiol. 2005 Nov;54(Pt 11):1093-101. Comparison of PCR and microscopy for detection of Cryptosporidium parvum in human fecal specimens: clinical trial.) Thompson RC, Morgan UM, Pallant L, Dwyer BW, Forbes DA, Rich G, J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Apr;36(4):995-8. Fecal lactoferrin is a sensitive and specific marker of disease activity in children and young adults with inflammatory bowel disease. Walker TR, Land ML, Kartashov A, Saslowsky TM, Lyerly DM, Boone JH, Rufo PA. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2007 Apr;44(4):414-22.